Strip-like member reversibly convertible from a flexible to a rigid condition



Sept 17, 1957- Filed Jan. 12, 1955 STRIP-LIKE M E. HARMAN FROM A FLEXIBLE TO A RIGID counmo ER REVERSIBLY CONVERTIBLE N 1 Sheets-Sheet 1 p 1957 A. E. HARMAN 2,806,562

STRIP-LIKE MEMBER REVERSIBLE} CONVERTIBLE 1 FROM A FLEXIBLE TO A RIGID CONDITION 1 Flled Jan 12, 1955 v 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept 17, 1957 A. E. HARMAN 2,806,562

STRIP-LIKE MEMBER REVERSIBLY CONVERTIBLE FROM A FLEXIBLE TO A RIGID CONDITION Filed Jan 12, 1955 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Has;-

A. E. HARBIAAN 2,806,562

STRIP-LIKE MEMBER REVERSIBLY CONVERTIBLE Sept 17, 1957 FROM A FLEXIBLE TO A RIGID CONDITION 7 Filed Jan. 12, 1955 v '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 a Q 92 k 86 39), 9O

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Sept 17, 1957 A. E. HARMAN 2,806,562

STRIP-LIKE MEMBER REVERSIBL-Y CONVERTIBLE FROM A FLEXIBLE TO A RIGID CONDITION Filed Jan. 12, 1955 7 Shegts-Sheet 5 United States Patent 9 "ice ST IP-mm. MEMBER EvE RjsiBLY C,ON- VERTIBLE FROM A FLEXIBLE To A RIGID CONDITION Artliur Edward Harman, liubbenhall; Coventry,- England, assignor to Ludwig Reichmamr; Tangier, North Africa. Application January 12; 1955; Srial No. 481,422 lfiims"priority', application Great-Britain Ma 24,1954 12 Claims; (Ci; rte-3'4;

The inventionrelates to a striprlike" member-of the kind which is reversibly convertible,'progres'sively from one end to the other, from a flat,-flexible'condition to a prismatic, rigid condition, and Which comprises an as sembly of generally-rectangular elements arranged-in parallel groups, each group extending" transversely of the strip-like member and comprising at least three of' the elements interconnected at theiradjacent edgesi by hinge pins having their axes directed longitudinally of thestrip, and the corresponding elements of adjacent-groups beinginterconnected, by hinge pins havingtlieir axes directed transversely of the strip,- when the member is'in'the flat or the prismatic condition but in such a manner that'at least the flanking elements of adjacent groups can be freed from each other to permit relative hinging about the coacting longitudinal hinge pins for enabling the'said flanking elements to move from the flat, to the prismatic condition and vice versa, the transverse. hinge pins enabling the member when inthe fiat condition to be rolled up, and the outer longitudinal edges of the flanking elements of each group, when these flanking elements are in the positions in which the group is in a prismatic condition, being releasably interengageable to maintain the group in that condition.

Such a member when in the rigid condition can serve a variety of purposes such, for instance, as a mast or crane boom, and when not required for such use can be rolled up for stowing in a small compass. Conveniently, also, the member and its stowage, together with a means for converting it from one condition to the other, are on a Wheeled base which provides easy transportation.

It is extremely important that a member of the kind set forth should be truly rigid when in the condition' for use, and a main object of the invention is to improve the rigidity. I

According to the invention, each ofthe transverse hinge pins, interconnecting the adjacent transverse edges of two corresponding elements of adjacent groups, has laterally offset portions which, when the hinge pin is appropriately turned with the two elements coplanar, act camwi'se for urging parts integral or fast with those elements intoifirm', abutting relationship with the hinge pin jammed to take up any slackness in the hinge. I

Preferably the said transverse edges of the corresponding elements in adjacent groups haveintegrahstaggered, hinge barrels, the coaxial portions of the cpactinghinge pins engaging in the hinge barrelsof one of the elements andthela'terally offset portions of thehingepin engaging irrthe hinge barrels of (heather element,

The parts, fast with the'elemnt s, which are urged into ahnt't'ngj relationship for taking the s'la'ckness the transverse hinge interconnections when" the transverse pins are turned in theappropriate direction, are prefentry provided by the longitu a1 hinge pins of the tn" ndsof these hinge pi abutting eadl'i other I r-ty'p ib t w i p eiz i hinge pins are turned into the jamming a ventenn' some of these ball-type joints iiivdivfacing Patented Sept. 17, 1951 2' cups, atthe adjacent ends of two' adjacent longitudinal hinge pins; enclosing a' free ball, and others of thein involve' providing alternate longitudinal hinge pins; ina line',- .with1- ball-ends and the intermediate ones with cups.

The ;lli-n'ge barrels at the one transverse edges of at least the flanking elements'of the groups can beformed with lateral openings enabling them to be engaged over the appropriate portions, extending: between the hinge barrels of the adjacent e1ement,-=-of the transverse hinge pins, and this enables them vto be disengaged fromthe corresponding elements of adjacentgroups when they are to be moved relatively to them (for example the member is to be converted fromthe prismatic to the flat condition According to a further figture, the laterally-outeredge of oneflanking element of each group is provided with an anchor means to be engagedby a hook means'at the laterally outer edge of the opposite flanking element of the group, whereby to'forin an interlock when thesaid flanking elements are folded about their longitudinal hinge pins to form the" prismatic cross-section; Conveniently,- these anchor means are axial portions of longitudinally directed pins which are held fast in barrels of the one flanking elements, the extremities of the pins of adjacent groups having coacting portions of ball-joints so as to abut firmlywhen thetransverse hinge pins are turned into their jamming positions, and the hook means can be lateral openings of hinge b arrel'sof the other flanking elements. These longitudinally directed pins may be tubular and h ave balls secured in their ends. II A further object of the invention is to enable the transverse hinge pins to beturned automatically into their jamming. an d'non-jamming positions by a means em ployed for converting the s trip like member reversiblyfrom'the flexibl'e'to the rigid condition.

I Accordingto a further feature, therefore, each of the transverse hinge pins hasfa'st with it a laterally-extendingf arm, for coaction with the converting means, by which it can be turned into and out of its jamming position.

Preferably, the corresponding one' transverse edge of each element is provided with a' rece'ss in which at least a major portiori of the laterally-extending arm is accommod ted when the associated h'inge'pin is in its maximum nonflamrning position. I

According to yet another feature, a converting'means for the strip-like member includes a former, of the appropijiate'prismatic cross-section, along which the member caribe fed in'tlie longitudinal direction, there being guides for progressivelyfolding the end elements of the groups about their longitudinal hinge pins in the appropriate direction as the member is fed relatively to the former.

feeding the member, at least corresponding one elements of each group can be provided with apertures to be engaged by extending teeth on'a driven chain suitably supported from the converting means.

According to still another feature, the convening'rneans' is provided with abutment s' which coact with surfaces of the; laterally-{extending arms of the transverse hinge pins whereby to turn the latter into the jamming, or non-jamposition dependently on whether the member is being fed, relatively to the former, for conversion to the rigid or fl'exible'for rn. I

abutment-s can be single ones (that is, a single abtit'm nt for coact'ion with each longitudinal series of corresponding elements in the groups) which are biased for sequentially engaging, and turning, the laterally-extendin'g arms' appropria't-ely as the member is being fed relatively to the converting means; or, instead of single abutment-s, two, arranged in series, can be provided.

I In a ca-se', asrgards each said longitudinal series, one of the abutments can be'pivoted from the said former and be biased to engage the'said surface of eachlater'allyextending arm, from one side of the other as it passes,

for partially turning the hinge pin, and the second abutment can be a stationary one and serve for completing the movement of the transverse hinge pin. For example, when the strip-like member is being moved in the direction for conversion from the flexible to the rigid condition, the pivoted abutment, acting under its bias, enters the recess of each element as it passes and engages a detent formed on the laterally-extending arm of the transverse hinge pin for partially turning the arm in the jamming direction and for positioning a fork opening at the free end of the arm to be engaged subsequently by the stationary abutment, which latter completes the jamming movement of the transverse hinge pin. When the member is being fed in the other direction for conversion from the rigid to the flexible condition, the stationary abutment engages in the forked openings for reversely turning the arms so as partially tfiiunjam the transverse hinge pins, and the pivoted abutment subsequently engages the arms for moving them fully to the unjammed position.

Alternatively, or additionally, spring biased rollers can be supported at the outer side of the elements so as to enter the recesses and turn the laterally-extending arms into the path of a single abutment, of the former, for turning the hinge pins into or out of their jamming positions.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 shows in elevation a portion of the strip-like member and of its storage reel;

Figure 2 is a perspective view to a larger scale of a portion of the strip-like member after folding to prismati form;

Figure 3 is a side elevation, to the same scale as Figure 1, of a supporting base for the strip-like member and indicates the layout of the means for raising and lowering the latter and converting it from the planar to the prismatic form;

Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged views, partly in sect-ion, respectively of the lower and upper halves of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a section, on the line 66 of Figure 3; and

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view through the frame member and the strip-like member.

In Figure l is shown a portion, consisting of five groups each of three elements 10, of the strip-like member and, for convenience of description, the groups are lettered a, b, 0, etc. from the end where they are attached to the storage reel in a manner hereinafter described, and the elements of each group are designated A, B, C, thus to enable any particular element to be identified by coordinates. The groups a and b are not intended to be folded to prismatic form but to connect the remainder of the strip-like member to the storage reel.

Each of the elements of all groups has the surface, which will be outermost in the prismatic condition, formed fiat, and each has four spaced hinge barrels 11, 12, 13 and 14 011 one transverse edge and a pair of hinge barrels 15 and 16 on the other transverse edge. The barrels 15 and 16 of one element respectively fit between the barrels 11, 12, and 13, 14 of the corresponding element in the adjacent group, and the corresponding elements of adjacent groups are interconnected by transverse hinge pins later described. The pairs of hinge barrels 15a, 16a, of the flanking elements A and C of the groups have lateral openings 18 (see Figure 2) for enabling them to be disengaged from the hinge pins as later described.

At one longitudinal side each of the elements has a single central hinge barrel 19 or 20 to engage between a pair of hinge barrels 22, 22 or 21, 21 at the longitudinal edge of the adjacent element of the group (that is, adjacent in the sense of being next to each other in the planar or the prismatic condition of the groups of the strip-like member), these sets of barrels being interconnected by longitudinal pins 23, 24 or 25.

The hinge barrels 19 and 21 have through-holes in which the coacting pins are made fast, and all of the hinge barrels 20 and 22 are at the side margins of the strip-like member and havelateral openings for engaging over a. pin at the opposite margin of the group (that is, with the exception of the elements in groups a and b, which do not told to prismatic form).

Thus, the elements in column A are hinged to those in column B by the hinge pins 24 extending through uninterrupted bores of the barrels 19 and 21, and these hinge pins have terminal cups 26 for captive balls 27. The elements in column B are similarly connected to those in col umn C. For effecting a connection between the outer longitudinal edges of the elements in columns A and C (that is, for holding the groups of elements in prismatic form), the said edges of the elements in column C of the alternate groups 0 and 0 have pins 25 fast in the barrels ii (for example, by a set-screw, not shown) for the extending ends of the pin to be engaged over by the lateral openings of the barrels 22 at said edges of the elements in column A, and the pairs of barrels 21 in column A of the intermediate group d have tubular pins 23 similarly made fast in them and for engagement over by the lateral openings of the hinge barrels 20 at the said edge of the element in column C.

Each tubular pin 23 has a pair of pins 23a journalled in its ends, and each of the pins 23a has a cupped end 28 to coact with ball-ends 29 of the pins 25 at the other ends of adjacent groups. The cupped ends 28 have lateral openings 30 (see Figure 2) for admitting the ball-ends 29, and when the strip-like member is converted to prismatic form, the cupped ends are turned, as hereinafter described, for preventing the ball-ends from escaping.

The terminal cups 26 have their end faces charnfered as indicated at 31 in Figure 2 for enabling the elements of one group to hinge on a transverse axis relatively to the adjacent group so that the strip like member, when the elements of the groups are in planar form, can be wound on the storage reel; the cupped ends 28, being disengaged from the ball ends 29 in those conditions, do not have to be chamfered in thi way.

The corresponding elements of adjacent groups (that is, excepting groups a and b) are hingetdly interconnected by cam pins indicated generally at 32 in Figure 1. One of these is shown more clearly at the foot of Figure 2, from which it can be seen that the pin has coaxial portions, journalled in the hinge barre-ls 11, 12, 13 and 14, and laterally offset (that is eccentric) portions 33, 33 for engagement over by the lateral openings 18 of the hinge barrels 15a and 16a of the corresponding element in the group below.

Each cam pin has a central arm 34 fast with it and accommodated within the recess formed between the hinge barrels 12 and 13, and each of these arms has a forked end 35 and a notch 36 to be operated, as hereinafter described, respectively for turning the cam pins out of and into jamming position. The cam pin at the foot of Figure 2 has not yet been turned into it jamming position, but the ones interconnecting groups 0 and d, and d and e have been so turned whereby to turn the eccentric portions 33, 33 for the balls 27 to be gripped tightly between the coacting cups 26 and for the ball-ends 29 to be urged firmly into the cupped ends 28 for taking up any slackness in the interconnections between adjacent groups and investing the prism with rigidity.

The bottom two groups a and b are each interconnected by a single transverse hinge pin 40 with 21 C611: tral block 41 to locate them axially.

Figures 1 and 2 also show that each element (which can be of a plastic, or a relatively-soft metal) of column B is provided with a laterally-spaced pair of hard metal inserts 37, 37 provided with openings 38 for engagement by a drive means presently described, and that the elements in all three columns are provided with a laterallyspaced pairof raised tracks 39 for a purpose which is also presently described. Openings 38 are left in the elements of columns A and C for lightening purposes.

Referring now to Figures l and 3, it will be seen that the group a of elements is hingedly connected by links 42' with one of a circulaf series of rods 43 which are fast with end plates 44 (one only of which is shown in each figure) journalled on a shaft 45, thus to tone the storage reel on which the strip like member can be rolled when its groups of element are in' the planar condition. A chain sprocket 46, held between clutch plates 47', 47 rotative'ly fastwith a hub 48 of the end plate shown, is entraineihy a drive-transmission chain 49, with a one-way driving sprocket 50 on a shaft 51 with which a second sprocket 52 is fast. The sprocket 52 is entrained by achain 53 with a sprocket 54 on a second.

shaft 55, and this shaft has a second sprocket 56 .fast with it'a'nd driven by a chain 57 entraining a sprocket 58 on a shaft 591 The latter has a worm wheel 60"receiving drive from a driven worm 61. v

The converting means incl ties a framework which is rectangular in plan, three of four members at the bottom being shown at 62', 63 and 64 in Figure 6, and there are upright and transverse members to which referencewill presently be made with regard to Figures 3 to 7 inclusive.

- Refe'rring'to Figure 5, in which (as also in Figure 4') for clearness the columns A and C have been omitted, it will be seen that the chain 53 has spaced, outward extensions 65 to engage in the holes 38' of the hard metal inserts 37 of the element of column B, the chain in fact being a duplex one as shown in Figure 7 so that both holes of each of the element are engaged; At the side of the chain which is remote from the extensions 65 is a pair of guide plates 66 and 67, which are spaced by distance sleeves 68 and through-bolts 69, for holding the chain up to the elements 10. The guide plates are supported from transverse frame m'ember's70, 71 which are stayed from parallel firan'ie members 72, 73113; eonverg: ing frame members 74, 75,

The frame members 74, 75 are connected at one'end to the frame members 70, 71 by brackets 76, andthey are jointly connected at their other ends to th'e'frame members 72, 73, by angle brackets 77'. The 'str'ip -lilte member which, in Figure 7, is shown in prismatic form infull lines (having been moved from the planar condition, shown' in chain lines, by means presently described) is gu'idedby rollers 78 which are journalled in brackets 79"f'ast'with' the framemember-s 70'an'd'75. These rollers engage the raised tracks 39' of the elements It), and the rollers supported from the frame members 74,. 75 are shown journalled inblocks 80'which are actedupori by screws 81', withlocknuts 82, for adjustment purposes,

As can best be-seen from Figures a'n'd'7, the roller brackets 79'are' arranged in vertical series interconnecting the fram'e members 70 and 751 Referring'now'to'Figures 3, 4 and 6, it will be seen that the chain 53 draws the strip-like member, with each group of e'lements'10 inplanar condition, over a series of guide rollers 84 on a shaft 85 which is suitably journalled from the framework. At a level above the shaft 85 are transverse frame members 86 (see Figures 4 and 6) supporting, in brackets 87, vertical series of rollers 78a which coact with the raised tracks 39 of all the elements in a group for maintaining them in planar condition.

As the groups of elements are raised by the chain 53 above this position, those in columns A and C engage under curved guides 88 which swing them, out of plane, from the chain line position X of Figure 7, and through the position Y, to the full line position, whereby to form the strip-like member into prismatic form. During this movement the hinge pins 32 of the elements in columns A and C are withdrawn from the openings 18 in the barrels 15a, 16a of the lower elements.

As soon as the elements are thus folded and the lateral openings 18 engaged with the hinge pins of the upper elements respective detents 89, which are pivoted at 90 from a central core 92 and spring-pressed at 91 (see Figures 4 and 7 e gage the notches of the arms" 34"of an the elementsintlie group being fed past it, and turns the arms for moving the -carn"portions 33 towards their jamming positions. Continued upward movementcauses the renames-a 35 of eachjdriving a'r'ni' 34 to engagefan abutment ro'd (see Figure- 4 which completes the'turn= ing of the arms into their fully jammed position. Figure 4 shows that the core'92'includes'uprights 92kt" which are supported by a transversefr'ar'ne member 93, also" shown in F-igurfe7. v H,

Continued upward movement of the prism movesit past a cam .sl'ot ina memb'er 94tFigure 7) which is'sup smelter 95 fast' with a gusset ,i'ioeofi eeting ported from a an upright 1 1" to" the fi a'me" member 73 (Figure 5) and thi'scam slot act on an extending pin 96 (see Figures 1' 2 and 7") orthewsber ends 28 to turn the latter into positions in which the coacting ball-ends 290i the aid re-eat group at prevented from escaping through the lateral 'penuigeso or the cupped ends; The p'ort'i nsct the s'trip -likemember ab tiil'e this positionare locked in prisms condition, and as fu'rth'ef portions are fed upwiirdy the chain 53 the said member is regressiveiy' cameras from the planar to the prismatic condition:

When it is desired to lower the prism and convert it to planar fi'itffi, insane-cries of operation of the chain 53 is reversed ana'tlie' plate 94- ac't s on the pins 96', inturn, tor F are the cupped ends ZS- into the position in which the-b wnr as's out of the lateral openings 3'0 when the elem n sin columns A and C are returned to'be planar'widi thb eincolumn' 13. Next, the forked end 3 5-of e ach 34", in turn, engages the abutment 100 which, diiring'd nt of the associated element, turns the associated ans so as to rotate the cam portions 33' into their un s-mining positions, whe'reafter the undersides of the elements in columns A and C encounter a second curve-d guide 1 01? for arriving" them into the same plane as'the elirierit sin column B, the hinge pins 32 of the elements in columns-A and C again re engagin'g in the openings 18 of the group beneath. The now" plahar 'etc;, and that; during conyersion from the rigid tothe flexible condition,- and vice'versa', the transverse hinge pins are? automatieany moved, as appropriate, between their janiihing and nonjani'rnin'g positions.

l. A strip-like nier'iibe'rof the'kind which is reversibly convertible, progressively fro'rn'one end to the other, from afla't'; flexible condition to'a prismatic, rigid condition, c-omprisirigan assembly er generally-rectangular" eleme'iits arranged in parallel'grbups, each groupeXtending tra'iisversely of the strip lil'e manner" and including at least threeeleine'rits which are interconnected'at their adjacent longitudinal edgesby hinge pins having their axes directed longitudinally of the" strip, and the corresponding elenients of adjacent groups being interconneet'ed at their adjacent transverse edges by hinge'pins havingtheir ares dieeaea traasvenet or the strip, when the manner is in the fiat or the prismatic condition but in such a manner that at least the flanking elements of adjacent groups can be freed from each other to permit relative hinging about the coacting longitudinal hinge pins for enabling the said flanking elements to move from the flat to the prismatic condition and vice versa, each of said transverse hinge pins having laterally offset portions which, when the hinge pin is appropriately turned with the two elements coplanar, act cam-wise for urging parts of longitudinally adjacent elements into firm abutting relationship.

2. A strip-like member according to claim 1, in which corresponding elements of adjacent groups are formed with staggered, hinge barrels, the coaxial portions of the coacting hinge pins engaging in the hinge barrels of one of the "elements and the laterally ofiset portions of the hinge pin engaging in the hinge barrels of the other element.

3. A strip-like member according to claim 1, in which the parts of said longitudinally adjacent elements which are urged into abutting relationship are constituted by the longitudinal hinge pins of said elements, the ends of these hinge pins abutting through ball-type joints which seize when the transverse hinge pins are turned.

4. A strip-like member according to claim 1, in which the laterally-outer edge of one flanking element of each group is provided with an anchor means and the laterallyouter edges of the opposite flanking element of the group is formed with hook means, said anchor means and said hook means coacting to form an interlock when the said flanking elements are folded about their longitudinal hinge pins to form the prismatic cross-section.

5. A strip-like member according to claim 4, in which the anchor means are axial portions of longitudinally directed pins which are held fast in barrels of the one flanking elements.

6. A strip-like member according to claim 1, in which the laterally-outer edge of one flanking element of each group is formed with a barrel, a longitudinally extending pin fast with the barrel, the extremities of the longitudinally directed pins of the corresponding one flanking elements of alternate groups being ball-ended and coacting with cupped ends of the corresponding longitudinally directed pins of intermediate groups, the cupped ends being rotatably supported from their pins and having means to be acted upon, by a means for reversibly converting the member from the flexible to the rigid condition, for turning the cupped ends from a position in which a lateral opening, of the cupped ends, will admit the coacting ball-ends to a position in which the lateral opening is moved out of the path of the ballends for the latter to be confined within the cupped ends.

7. A strip-like member according to claim 1, in which each said transverse hinge pin of the elements has fast with it a laterally-extending arm, for coaction with a means for reversibly converting the member from the flexible to the rigid condition.

8. A strip-like member which is convertible from a flat flexible condition to a rigid pn'smatic condition comprising an assembly of rectangular elements arranged in parallel groups of three elements, each group extending transversely of the strip-like member, hinge pins interconnecting the longitudinally adjacent edges of the elements of each group, locking means on the lateral ly outer edges of the outer elements of a group for interconnecting said outer edges when the group is in prismatic condition, and hinge pins interconnecting transversely adjacent edges of corresponding elements of adjacent groups, said last-mentioned hinge pins including portions in engagement with one of said corresponding elements and laterally offset portions in engagement with the other of 'said corresponding elements whereby when said hinge pin is turned it operates cam-wise to urge the said elements towards and into engagement with one another.

9. Thecombination of a strip-like member which is convertible from a flat flexible condition to a rigid prismatic condition comprising an assembly of rectangular elements arranged in parallel groups of three elements, each group extending transversely of the strip-like member, hinge pins interconnecting the longitudinally aidjacent edges of the elements of each group, locking means on the laterally outer edges of the outer elements of a group for interconnecting said outer edges when the group is in prismatic condition, and hinge pins interconnecting transversely adjacent edges of corresponding elements of adjacent groups, said last-mentioned hinge pins including portions in engagement with one of said corresponding elements and laterally offset portions in engagement with the other of said corresponding elements whereby when said hinge pin is turned it operates camwise with means for reversibly converting the strip like member from the flexible to the rigid condition, said means including a former, of the appropriate prismatic cross-section, means for feeding the member in the longitudinal direction and relative to said former, and guides for progressively folding the end elements of the groups about their longitudinal hinge pins in the appropriate direction as the member is fed relatively to the former.

10. The combination according to claim 9, in which the converting means includes abutments which coact with surfaces of laterally-extending arms of the transverse hinge pins whereby to turn the latter into the element engaging or dis-engaging position dependently on whether the member is being fed, relatively to the former, for conversion to the rigid or to the flexible form.

11. The combination according to claim 9, in which the converting means includes cam means to act on the said locking means at the laterally-outer edges of the outer elements of each group whereby reversibly to lock or to unlock the two said laterally-outer edges dependently on whether the member is being fed, relatively to the converting means, for conversion from the flexible to the rigid form, or vice versa.

12; A strip-like member reversibly convertible from a flat, flexible condition to a prismatic, rigid condition comprising a plurality of elements arranged in transversely extending groups with the corresponding elements of each group in substantially longitudinal alignment, means interconnecting the longitudinal adjacent edges of the elements of each group, means for interconnecting the outer elements of a group along their outer edges, and means interconnecting transversely adjacent parts of corresponding elements of adjacent groups having portions engaging one of said corresponding elements and cam portions engaging the other of said corresponding elements whereby when said transversely interconnecting means is moved it operates cam-wise to urge said corresponding elements into rigid engagement with one another.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,143,953 Le Roy Ian. 17, 1939 

